Chess: The Endgame

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Game 12: Morphy, Paul - Paulsen, Louis 1-0
(New York 1857)

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{Paul Morphy (1837-1884) was the first complete chess player.He was mainly active in 1857 and 1858 and defeated everybody.} 1.e4 c5 2.Nf3 e6 3.d4 cxd4 4.Nxd4 Bc5 5.Be3 Qb6 6.Nb5 Nf6 7.Bxc5 Qxc5 8.Nd6+ Ke7 9.Nxc8+ Rxc8 10.Bd3 Nc6 11.O-O h5 12.Nd2 h4 13.h3 g5 14.a3 Rg8 15.b4 Qb6 16.Nc4 Qc7 17.f3 Ne5 18.Nxe5 Qxe5 19.Qd2 Rg7 20.Rad1 Rd8 21.Qf2 b6 22.f4 gxf4 23.Qxf4 Qg5 24.Rf2 Qxf4 25.Rxf4 { White has a slight advantage due to the pressure on h4.} 25...Rdg8 ({ Black can liberate his position by} 25...d5 $1 26.exd5 Nxd5 $1 27.Rxh4 Ne3 28.Rd2 Nxc2 $1 29.Rxc2 Rxd3 30.Rc7+ Rd7) 26.Rd2 Rh8 { The rook moves to a passive place.} 27.e5 Nd5 28.Rd4 f6 29.exf6+ Nxf6 30.Rc4 Kd8 31.a4 Nd5 32.Be4 Nc7 33.Bf3 d5 $5 34.Rc6 Rd7 $6 ({Better is} 34...Rf8 $1 35.Bg4 Kd7) 35.Bg4 Rh6 36.Re2 Ke7 37.Kh2 Kf7 38.g3 hxg3+ 39.Kxg3 Re7 40.h4 Ne8 41.h5 Nf6 $1 (41...Nc7 $2 {Strangulation results from} 42.Kh4 Kg7 43.Kg5 Rf6 44.c3) 42.Rcxe6 Rxe6 43.Bxe6+ Kg7 $2 ({Fiske suggests} 43...Kf8 $1 {The idea is} 44.Re5 Rxh5 45.Rxh5 Nxh5+ 46.Kf3 Ke7 47.Bxd5 { White has won a pawn, but Black will be able to defend himself.}) 44.Bg4 Nxh5+ 45.Bxh5 Rxh5 46.Re7+ Kf6 ({Better seems to be} 46...Kf8 47.Rxa7 Re5 48.Ra6 Re3+ 49.Kf2 Ra3 $1 50.a5 $1 {but} 50...bxa5 51.Rxa5 Rc3 52.Rc5 Rxc5 53.bxc5 Ke7 54.Ke3 Kd7 55.Kd4 Kc6 56.c3 {leads to a white win.}) 47.Rxa7 Ke5 48.Ra6 Rg5+ 49.Kf3 Rf5+ 50.Ke2 b5 ({Fiske mentions} 50...Rf6 51.a5 bxa5 52.Rxf6 Kxf6 53.bxa5 {and White wins.}) 51.axb5 Rf4 52.c3 d4 $1 { Black grabs his last chance.} 53.c4 $1 Rh4 54.c5 Rh2+ 55.Kd3 Rh3+ 56.Kc2 Rh2+ 57.Kb3 Rh3+ 58.Ka4 (58.Kc4 $4 Rc3#) 58...Kd5 59.Rd6+ Kc4 60.c6 Rh1 61.Rxd4+ $1 ({Morphy avoids the prosaic} 61.Ka5) 61...Kxd4 62.c7 Rh8 63.b6 Kc4 64.b7 {Paulsen was defeated in a game that lasted ten hours.} 1-0

by Jan van Reek

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The Endgame

	Introduction
	Struggle:
1.	Attack in the centre
2.	The attack on the king
3.	The flank attack
4.	Encirclement
	Prophylaxis:
5.	Blockade in general
6.	Blockade by the knight
7.	Restriction in general
8.	Restriction and time
9.	Consolidation
10.	Fortification
11.	Strong and weak squares
12.	Crossing a diagonal
13.	The battle for an important square
14.	Overprotection
15.	Conunterattack: direct confrontation
	Examples:
	150 commented endgames